The scope of the chemical induxtry is in part shaped by custom rather than by logic. The petroleum induxtry is usually thought of as separate from the chemical induxtry, for in the early days of the petroleum induxtry in the 19th century crude oil was merely subjected to a simple distillation treatment. Modern petroleum induxtrial processes, however, bring about chemical changes, and some of the products of a modern refinery complex are chemicals by any definition. The term petrochemical is used to describe these chemical operations, but, because they are often carried out at the same plant as the primary distillation, the distinction between petroleum induxtry and chemical induxtry is difficult to maintain.

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• Unique needs of diverse induxtries